Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to several types of disease that involve the heart and blood vessels. CVD includes coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure and other conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels.
Heart Disease is a term that refers to several types of heart conditions which include CHD, valves in the heart, and congestive heart failure. The most common type of heart disease is CHD. CHD occurs when a substance called plaque builds up that narrows the arteries in the heart. A heart attack occurs when an artery becomes completely blocked, resulting in a lack of blood flow to the heart. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in many parts of the world.
Tips On How To Avoid Heart Attack
Lifestyle Changes
- Exercise regularly: Aim for 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, 5 days a week.
- Maintain a healthy weight: BMI between 18.5 and 24.9.
- Quit smoking: Smoking increases heart disease risk by 200-400%.
- Limit alcohol consumption: 1-2 drinks/day for men, 1 drink/day for women.
- Manage stress: Practice relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga.
Dietary Changes
- Eat a balanced diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins.
- Increase omega-3 intake: Fatty fish, nuts and seeds.
- Reduce sodium: Limit to 2,300 mg/day.
- Limit saturated fats: Choose healthier fats like avocado and olive oil.
- Stay hydrated: Drink 8-10 glasses of water/day.
Medical Precautions
- Monitor blood pressure: Aim for <120/80 mmHg.
- Control cholesterol: LDL <100 mg/dL, HDL >60 mg/dL.
- Manage diabetes: Keep blood sugar levels under control.
- Get regular check-ups: Annual health screenings.
- Follow medication regimens: Consult your doctor.
Warning Signs
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Pain or numbness in arms or legs
- Cold sweats
- Lightheadedness or dizziness
Emergency Action
- Call emergency services if experiencing symptoms.
- Administer CPR if trained.
- Use an automated external defibrillator (AED) if available.
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